Dzinēja atteice: ko darīt, ja zaudējat piedziņu

Pēdējo reizi pārbaudīts: 2026. gada 14. oktobris

Soli pa solim

1. Glābšanas vestes, tad novērtējiet situāciju

   Uzvelciet visiem glābšanas vestes. Tad paskatieties, uz kurieni jūs nes vējš un straume un cik tuvu ir krasts, akmeņi vai kuģu satiksme.[1][2][3]

2. Izmetiet enkuru

   Ja dzinēju nevar atkal iedarbināt un ūdens ir pietiekami sekls, izmetiet enkuru no priekšgala, lai noturētu pozīciju. Parasti izlaidiet virvi, kas ir piecas līdz septiņas reizes garāka par ūdens dziļumu.[4][5][6]

3. Pārbaudiet, vai enkurs tur

   Vērojiet nekustīgus orientierus krastā vai GPS pozīciju. Stiprā vējā vai straumē enkurs var vilkties pa dibenu, un laiva var aizdreifēt vai uzskriet uz sēkļa.[7][8]

4. Pārāk dziļš vai pārāk liels vilnis? Izmantojiet jūras enkuru

   Ja noenkuroties nevar, izlaidiet no priekšgala jūras enkuru (dreifenkuru), lai laiva paliktu ar priekšgalu pret viļņiem. Ārkārtas gadījumā der arī spainis.[9]

5. Sauciet laikus ar PAN-PAN

   Ja pagaidām esat drošībā, raidiet PAN-PAN VHF 16. kanālā. Agrs paziņojums dod glābējiem laiku un var būt izšķirošs labam iznākumam.[4][10][11][12]

6. Pārejiet uz MAYDAY, ja briesmas kļūst nopietnas

   Ja laivu tūlīt uzdzīs uz akmeņiem vai pārplūdinās vai kāda dzīvība ir apdraudēta, nospiediet DSC briesmu pogu un raidiet MAYDAY 16. kanālā.[13][14][15][16]

7. Pārbaudiet vienkāršākos cēloņus

   Ja tas ir droši, pārbaudiet pamatlietas, piemēram, degvielu. Degvielas beigšanās ir viens no biežākajiem iemesliem, kāpēc laivotāji sauc palīdzību.[17][18]

8. Padariet sevi pamanāmu

   Ja jums vajadzīga palīdzība un nav radio, izmantojiet briesmu signālus: atkārtoti celiet un nolaidiet izstieptas rokas, raidiet nepārtrauktu skaņas signālu vai izšaujiet signālraķetes, kad kāds tās var redzēt.[19][20][21]

9. Turpiniet klausīties

   Turiet radio 16. kanālā, gaidiet atbildi un izpildiet glābēju norādījumus.[22][23]

Ko nedarīt

• Nenoenkurojieties no pakaļgala. Tas var pārplūdināt laivu.[24]
• Negaidiet ar izsaukumu, līdz esat krasta bangās. Ziņojiet par problēmu, kas pasliktinās, laikus ar PAN-PAN.[11]
• Nešaujiet signālraķetes, ja neviens tās nevar redzēt. Taupiet tās brīdim, kad ir iespēja, ka tās pamanīs.[21]
• Neizmantojiet 16. kanālu tērzēšanai vai radio pārbaudēm. Tas paredzēts briesmu, steidzamības un izsaukuma sakariem.[25][26]

Pirms došanās jūrā

• Pirms došanās jūrā: pārbaudiet dzinēju, šķidrumu līmeņus, degvielu un tilpni un ievērojiet degvielas trešdaļu likumu (turp, atpakaļ, rezerve).[27][28]
• Ņemiet līdzi enkuru ar pietiekami garu virvi tiem dziļumiem, kur kuģojat. Mazā laivā alternatīvs pārvietošanās veids ir airi.[5][29]
• Pasakiet kādam krastā, uz kurieni dodaties un kad atgriezīsieties.[30]
• Ņemiet līdzi VHF radio, vēlams ar DSC, un ziniet, kā raidīt PAN-PAN un MAYDAY izsaukumus.[31][32]

Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi

Avoti

Avoti citēti oriģinālvalodā.

1. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “have everyone onboard put on their lifejacket”
2. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “Make sure everyone on board is wearing their life jacket.”
3. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “assess the situation”
4. Department of Transport, Western Australia (2026-10-14): “If you are unable to restart your vessel’s motor: Drop anchor to hold your position. Use your marine radio to make a Pan Pan call.”
5. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “Your vessel must have a way to control drifting in case you lose your engine. This can be an anchor with a length of rope, chain or cable, or any combination of these, that suits the size of the vessel.”
6. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “The general rule is five to seven times as much line as the depth of water plus the distance from the surface of the water to where the anchor will attach to the bow.”
7. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “It’s important to have the right anchor and cable for your boat. If you don’t, strong winds and water can cause the anchor to drag and let your boat drift or run aground.”
8. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Make sure your boat is well anchored and watch for signs of anchor dragging.”
9. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “If the engine fails, trail a sea anchor from the bow of the boat to keep it headed into the waves (a bucket can work as a sea anchor in an emergency).”
10. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Lost power, are safe but drifting towards an active shipping lane”
11. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “It is strongly recommended you report any situation that may present a danger to life, without delay. Early notification can be crucial to a positive outcome. You can use the PAN PAN radio signal for this purpose.”
12. Maritime and Coastguard Agency (HM Coastguard) (2026-10-14): “If you are concerned about the safety of a person or vessel, you can send an urgency announcement using a DSC All Ships Urgency Call, nominating a working channel. Tune to Channel 16 to make the urgency call:”
13. Maritime and Coastguard Agency (HM Coastguard) (2026-10-14): “Only to be used in the event of grave and imminent danger and assistance is required. Send a distress alert using digital selective calling (DSC), (press and hold the button until the alert is sent).”
14. Maritime and Coastguard Agency (HM Coastguard) (2026-10-14): “On receipt of a DSC acknowledgement or after about 15 seconds, transmit the distress call and message on Channel 16:”
15. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “MAYDAY indicates a person or vessel is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requests immediate help. PAN PAN indicates a safety problem that does not require immediate assistance.”
16. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “If your boat is sinking, someone is injured or life is in danger, immediately call VHF Channel 16 (the international maritime distress channel)”
17. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Motor problems, like running out of fuel, often lead to distress calls from boaters.”
18. RNLI (2026-10-14): “Check the gauges and fuel levels regularly.”
19. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Keep raising and lowering outstretched arms.”
20. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Make continuous sound with any fog-signalling device.”
21. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Only use flares in an emergency when you believe there’s a chance it will be seen.”
22. RNLI (2026-10-14): “Monitor VHF channel 16 and local channels/the harbour master channel.”
23. RNLI (2026-10-14): “Release the PTT button and await a response.”
24. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “Warning: Do not anchor from the stern as this could swamp the boat.”
25. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “Channel 16 is the primary VHF-FM marine radio calling and distress channel. It should not be used for general conversation or radio checks.”
26. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “VHF radio channel 16 is only used for emergency and calling purposes.”
27. RNLI (2026-10-14): “Check your engine, fluid levels and bilge.”
28. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “Practice the “One-Third Rule” by using: One-third of the fuel to go out. One-third to get back. One-third held in reserve.”
29. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “If your vessel is not more than 9 metres long, you may carry a paddle or two oars and rowlocks or any other device that can be used to propel the vessel manually instead of the anchor.”
30. RNLI (2026-10-14): “Plan your passage, and tell someone ashore where you're going and how long you'll be gone.”
31. RNLI (2026-10-14): “Have a means of calling for help, like a handheld VHF or mobile phone in a waterproof pouch.”
32. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “If your VHF radio has Digital Selective Calling (DSC) on channel 70, press the button to send a digital distress call.”
33. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “If a boater contacts the U.S. Coast Guard on Channel 16 VHF-FM or Digital Select Calling Channel 70 and the situation is determined to be non-distress, the Coast Guard will offer to contact any assistance provider (commercial or friend) the boater requests.”
34. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “For non-urgent assistance such as an electrical problem or mechanical issue, call our Operations Centre”

Citi ārkārtas situāciju ceļveži

Glābšanas numuri pa valstīm → Kā raidīt MAYDAY → Izdrukājama ārkārtas kartīte →