Brand ombord: så gör du

Senast kontrollerad: 14 oktober 2026

Steg för steg

1. Flytvästar på, slå larm

   Se till att alla har flytväst på sig och vet att det brinner.[1][2]

2. Skicka MAYDAY först

   Skicka ett DSC-nödlarm och MAYDAY på VHF kanal 16 innan du bryter strömmen, eftersom det kan påverka radion.[3][4][5][6]

3. Stäng av bränsle, gas och ström

   Motorbrand: stoppa motorn och stäng av bränslet. Elbrand: bryt strömmen. Pentry eller gasol: stäng av gastillförseln.[7][8][9]

4. Håll motorrummet stängt

   Öppna inte motorluckor eller dörrar om du inte måste: luft ger branden näring. Stäng motorrummets ventilation.[10][8][11]

5. Lägg branden i lä

   Om du gör fart, vänd båten så att branden hamnar i lä om dig, och stoppa motorn om det är säkert under rådande förhållanden.[12]

6. Bekämpa en liten brand bara om det är säkert

   Om du känner dig säker, rikta släckaren mot lågornas bas i korta stötar med svepande rörelser från sida till sida, och fortsätt några sekunder efter att lågorna har slocknat. Kväv små bränder med en brandfilt.[13][14][15][16][17]

7. Håll dig borta från röken

   Gå inte in i en rökfylld kajuta. Om du är i rök, håll dig lågt. En pulversläckare ger ett tjockt moln, så håll din väg ut fri.[18][19]

8. Ta dig undan om branden sprider sig

   Om branden sprider sig snabbt eller du inte kan få kontroll på den, flytta dig så långt bort från den på däck som du kan, ta med en handburen VHF och förbered dig på att överge båten. Nära land eller förtöjd: få alla i land och ring det lokala nödnumret.[20][21][22][23]

9. Se upp för kolmonoxid

   Huvudvärk, illamående, yrsel, svaghet eller irriterade ögon kan vara kolmonoxidförgiftning (CO). Flytta personen till frisk luft och skaffa sjukvård.[24][25][26]

Undvik

• Öppna inte motorluckan för att titta på en motorbrand.[10][11]
• Bekämpa inte en brand som du inte känner dig säker på att klara. Är du osäker, ta dig därifrån.[27][17]
• Gå inte in i ett rökfyllt utrymme.[18]
• Sluta inte spruta i samma ögonblick som lågorna slocknar. Branden kan blossa upp igen.[13][15]
• Ta inte kolmonoxidförgiftning för sjösjuka.[24][28]

Innan du ger dig ut

• Innan du ger dig ut: ha brandsläckare och en brandfilt lätt åtkomliga, nära utgångar, pentry och motor.[29][30]
• Läs instruktionerna på släckarna och kontrollera dem varje gång du ger dig ut.[31][32]
• Tanka försiktigt: de flesta bränder uppstår under eller strax efter tankning. Vädra, kör fläkten i minst fyra minuter och kontrollera att det inte finns bränsleångor innan du startar.[33][34]
• Montera ett CO-larm för båtbruk och kontrollera batterierna före varje tur.[35][36][37]
• Se till att alla vet hur man stänger bränsle- och gasolkranar och brytare.[38]

Vanliga frågor

Källor

Källorna citeras på originalspråket.

1. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “If you have a fire on board, make sure everyone is wearing a lifejacket or PFD and use extinguishers to control the fire.”
2. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “Putting on lifejackets if you’re not already wearing them”
3. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “Raising the alarm (MAYDAY)”
4. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “Note: This may affect communication, so make sure you’ve raised the alarm first.”
5. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “A distress/Mayday call is used to indicate that a boat or person is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance - for example, a boat taking on water, a vessel on fire, a person overboard or a serious medical emergency such as a heart attack.”
6. Maritime and Coastguard Agency (HM Coastguard) (2026-10-14): “Only to be used in the event of grave and imminent danger and assistance is required. Send a distress alert using digital selective calling (DSC), (press and hold the button until the alert is sent).”
7. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “Fuel – Shut down the engine and fuel supply if it is an engine fire; Turn off the power supply if it is an electrical fire.”
8. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “If the fire is located in the engine space, stop the engine, shut off the fuel source and close the engine space ventilation.”
9. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “If you can smell gas, turn the supply off and get it checked out straight away!”
10. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “Starve the fire of air. Don’t open engine hatches or doors unless you have to.”
11. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “An important requirement for fire fighting is that there is a way to put out a fire in enclosed engine spaces without needing to open the engine space access hatch or door.”
12. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “If your boat is moving when a fire starts, position the boat so the fire is downwind from you and stop the engine if it’s safe to do so under the weather conditions.”
13. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “For a small fire, aim the fire extinguisher spray at the base of the flames. Sweep the discharge nozzle from side-to-side and for a few seconds once the flames are completely out.”
14. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “If a fire starts, grab the fire extinguisher, activate it and direct it at the base of the flames using short bursts and sweeping the hose from side to side.”
15. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Otherwise, the fire could restart and there may not be enough left in the extinguisher to put it out again.”
16. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “Oxygen – smothering the fire with a fire blanket or extinguisher”
17. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “Only consider tackling a fire with an extinguisher if you are confident how to use it. Don’t place yourself in danger. If in doubt, evacuate the boat.”
18. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “Do not enter a smoke filled space. If you are already in a smoke filled space keep low down where the air is clearer.”
19. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “Be prepared for a dry powder extinguisher to create a dense powder-cloud, reducing visibility and impairing breathing. Don’t jeopardise your escape.”
20. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “Consider evacuation if the fire is spreading quickly or cannot be brought under control.”
21. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “If you are off-shore move as far away from the fire as you can on deck. Get everybody into life jackets. Take a handheld VHF radio onto deck with you to call for help. Notify the Coastguard by radio, make a Mayday call and/or display a distress signal.”
22. Coastguard New Zealand (2026-10-14): “Preparing to abandon ship”
23. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “If you are inland or moored near to land move everybody off the boat and call 999 immediately.”
24. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety (2026-10-14): “Early symptoms of CO poisoning include irritated eyes, headache, nausea, weakness, and dizziness. They are often confused with seasickness or intoxication, so those affected may not receive the medical attention they need.”
25. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety (2026-10-14): “Evacuate the area and move affected person(s) to a fresh air environment.”
26. Department of Transport, Western Australia (2026-10-14): “If you suspect someone on board has carbon monoxide poisoning: move them to a well-ventilated area immediately call for medical assistance.”
27. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “If in doubt, don’t fight a fire yourself.”
28. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Carbon monoxide (CO) is a deadly gas you can’t see, smell or taste. CO comes in through your lungs, cuts off the oxygen supply to your body and can kill you in minutes. Be alert! Symptoms include headaches, nausea and fatigue, which can often seem like seasickness or the flu.”
29. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “Keep fire blankets and extinguishers within easy reach, close to exits and risk points, such as the galley and engine area.”
30. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “Keep fire extinguishers near exits so that you don't trap yourself when you move to get one.”
31. Transport Canada – Small Commercial Vessel Safety Guide (TP 14070) (2026-10-14): “Read the instructions on your fire extinguishers and make sure you understand how they work.”
32. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “Inspect your fire extinguisher each time you get underway make sure that:”
33. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “Most fires and explosions happen during or shortly after fueling.”
34. U.S. Coast Guard Boating Safety – A Boater’s Guide to the Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats (2026-10-14): “After fueling, open all ports, hatches, and doors to ventilate. Run the blower for at least four minutes. Check the bilges for fuel vapors before starting the engine.”
35. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “Fit a CO alarm to alert you of any poisonous carbon monoxide. Check your CO alarm is suitable for marine use and meets the EN50291-2 standard.”
36. Transport Canada – Safe Boating Guide (TP 511E, 03/2026) (2026-10-14): “Use a marine-grade CO detector and check its batteries before every trip”
37. Department of Transport, Western Australia (2026-10-14): “install carbon monoxide alarms in the engine room and the main cabin”
38. UK Home Office – Fire safety on boats (2026-10-14): “Make sure people know how to close emergency valves and switches in case of fire.”

Fler nödguider

Sjöräddningsnummer per land → Så gör du ett MAYDAY-anrop → Nödkort att skriva ut →