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Island hopping in the Caribbean means changing jurisdiction every few hours. French Martinique and Guadeloupe, Dutch Sint Maarten and Curaçao, British Virgin Islands and independent states each run their own emergency lines, and a short code that works on one island means nothing on the next.
Bermuda, on the way across, has its own rescue centre: dial 911 and ask for Marine Rescue.
Search and rescue is coordinated by fewer centres than there are islands: the French centre in Fort-de-France (CROSS Antilles-Guyane) covers the Leeward and Windward islands from Anguilla to St Lucia, the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard covers Aruba, Curaçao and Bonaire, and the US Coast Guard in San Juan covers Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands. Where a short code may not work from a foreign SIM — 913 on the Dutch islands, 767 in the BVI, 196 off Saint-Martin — the number below is the full international one.